Okul dönemi, çocuklarýn temel saðlýk ve saðlýðý koruma davranýþlarýnýn þekillendiði ve etkin olarak kazanýldýðý dönemdir. Bu dönemde çocuklarýn ev dýþýnda bir ortamda bulunmalarý hem kazalara yatkýnlýðý artýrýrken, hem de grup halinde bir arada bulunmalarý bulaþýcý hastalýklarýn artmasýný ve hýzla yayýlmasýný kolaylaþtýrmaktadýr. Kazalar ve bulaþýcý hastalýklarýn artmasý gibi faktörler okul döneminde, çocuklarýn dikkatli bir þekilde bakým ve izlenmesini gerekli kýlmaktadýr. Çocuklarýn saðlýklarýný koruma ve geliþtirmeleri konusunda bilgi düzeylerinin artýrýlmasý ve daha fazla sorumluluk almalarý için beslenme, hijyen, bulaþýcý hastalýklar ve kazalardan korunma gibi konularda eðitim almalarý gerekmektedir. Bu, okul saðlýðý hemþiresinin en önemli sorumluluðudur. Bu düþünceden yola çýkarak, araþtýrmamýz okul çaðý çocuklarýnýn saðlýk ve kazalardan korunma davranýþlarýný incelemek amacýyla tanýmlayýcý olarak yapýlmýþtýr.
Araþtýrma, 7-10 Mart 2005 tarihleri arasýnda Bahçeleriçi Ýlköðretim Okulunda yürütülmüþtür. Araþtýrmanýn örneklemini Bahçeleriçi Ýlköðretim Okulunda eðitim gören 8-13 yaþ grubundaki (2-7. sýnýf) çocuklardan “Rastgele Örnekleme Yöntemi” ile seçilen toplam 237 öðrenci oluþturmuþtur. Araþtýrmanýn verileri; ilgili literatür taranarak daha önce geliþtirilmiþ olan, Sosyo-Demografik Veri Formu ve 4'lü likert tipinde “Saðlýðý Koruma ve Kazalardan Korunma Aktiviteleri” anket formu kullanýlarak toplanmýþtýr.
Veriler SPSS for Windows istatistik programýnda deðerlendirilerek sayý-yüzde daðýlýmlarý elde edilmiþtir. Veriler genel olarak deðerlendirildiðinde; çocuklarýn çoðunlukla saðlýðý koruma ve kazalardan korunma aktivitelerine uyduklarý saptanmýþtýr. Ancak çocuklarýn ortalama % 6.7'sinin hijyen kurallarýna uymadýklarý, ortalama % 9.1'ininde zararlý alýþkanlý
klara evet dedikleri saptanmýþtýr. Bu sonuçlar doðrultusunda; çocuklara, genel vücut hijyeni, besin hijyeni, sigara ve alkolün zararlarý ve kazalardan korunmaya yönelik çocuklarýn eðitilmesi, okul saðlýðý hemþireliðinin yaygýnlaþtýrýlmasý, okul saðlýðý hizmetlerine öncelik verilerek, bu hizmetlerin bir ekip tarafýndan yürütülmesi, tarama ve izleme çalýþmalarýnýn okul öncesi dönemden baþlatýlmasý ve öðrenim hayatý boyunca sürekliliðinin saðlanmasý önerilmektedir.

School years is the period for children to acquire the behaviour of protecting the health and learning basic health rules. In this period they are both open to the little accident as stay out and it makes easy to have epidemic diseases as they live in groups. The factors as accidents and epidemics make the children observe and treat carefully. To protect their health and to develop their responsibility they have to be trained in subjects
such as nutrition, hygiene epidemics and accident. This is the most important duty of the school health nurse. Regarding this point of view, the aim of our study is to determine the
behaviours of school childern about health and protection from accidents.
The study is carried out in Bahçeleriçi Elementary school between the dates 7-10, March. 237 randomly selected students between the ages 8-13 in 2-7th grades occur the sample of the study.
The data is obtained by examining the previous literature using Socio-Demographic Data Form and a questionaire named “Protect the health and ACTIVITIES TO KEEP AWAY
ACCIDENTS” in likert 4 type.
The data is evaluated in SPSS for Windows statistical programme and number-percentage distribution is found. According to the data, it is observed that most children obey the
keeping themselves away the accidents and keep the health activities. On the other hand, 6.7 % of them don't obey the hygiene rules and 9.1 % say “yes” to the harmful habits. As a result, it is proposed students to teach the body and food hygiene, harms of alcohol and smoking. It is also proposed to train students to keep away from accidents. It is necessary to carry out by a group and the activities should start from preschool and continues during their education life.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Çalýþmanýn amacý, abdominal tüberküloz tanýsýnda kullanýlan klinik, laboratuvar, radyolojik ve invaziv giriþimlerin yararlýlýðýný belirlemektir.
Altý yýllýk bir dönem içinde abdominal tüberküloz tanýsý almýþ hastalar retrospektif olarak deðerlendirildi.
Hastalarýn 14'ü kadýn, 7'si erkek olup, ortalama yaþ 32 (22-63 yaþ arasý) bulundu. Karýn aðrýsý, ateþ ve kilo kaybý hastalarýn çoðunda rastlanan baþvuru bulgusu idi. PPD testi (purified protein derivative) hastalarýn sadece 4'ünde pozitif bulundu. Üç hastanýn akciðer grafisinde pulmoner tüberkülozu düþündüren bulgular saptandý. Altý hastada gerçekleþtirilen batýn ultrasonografisi, 10 hastada gerçekleþtirilen bilgisayarlý batýn tomografisi tanýya yardýmcý oldu. Baryumlu kolon grafisi uygulanan 6 hastanýn 4'ünde tanýya yardýmcý bulgular saptandý.
Rutin uygulanan kan testleri yararlý görülmedi. Adenozin deaminaz aktivitesi hastalarýn üçünde artmýþ bulundu. Hastalarýn tümünde taný, laparotomide uygulanan doku biyopsisinin asit fast basil yaymasý ve doku kültürü sonucu konuldu. Tanýyý takiben, tüm hastalar uygulanan antitüberküloz tedaviye kýsa sürede yanýt verdi, ancak hastalarýn ikisi tanýdan kýsa süre sonra enterokütan fistül geliþmesi sonucu kaybedildi. Bu çalýþmada, akciðer grafisi ve ppd gibi testlerin abdominal tüberküloz tanýsýna yardýmcý olmadýðý, bilgisayarlý batýn tomografisi ve baryumlu kolon grafisisinin en yararlý radyolojik testler olduðu saptandý. fiüpheli hastalarda ise laparotomi ile elde edilen doku kültürü ve yaymasýnýn en duyarlý ve özgün tanýsal iþlemler olduðu belirlendi. Israrlý þüphe ile erken tanýya ulaþýlabildiði son yýllarda bildirilmektedir. Abdominal tüberküloz bir çok abdominal patolojiyi taklit edebilir, ancak erken taný ile medikal kür mümkündür.

Purpose of this study was to better identify which clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and invasive procedures were most using in diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis.
All cases of abdominal tuberculosis were retrospectively reviewed diagnosed during a six-years period.
There were 14 men and 7 women, median age was 32 (ranged within 22-63) years. Most patients presented with an abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss. Purified protein derivative (PPD) was only positive 4 of 21 patients. Chest radiograhs were suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis in 3 patients. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen was helpful in 6 patients, and computed tomographic scan was suspicious in 10 of the patients. Double-contrasted barium enema examination was helpful in 4 of 6 patients. Adenosine deaminase activity was increased in 3 patients. Routine blood work was not helpful.
Laparotomy and tissue biopsy of characteristic tissue for acid fast bacillus smear and culture was diagnostic in all patients.
Once diagnosed, all patients responded rapidly to anti-tuberculosis therapy, except two patients with entero-cutaneous fistula who died shortly after diagnosis.
In the present study, it is observed that the tests frequently associated with AT such as chest radiography and PPD are not so sensitive in detection of AB, and computed tomographic scan, and double-contrast barium enema examination may be the most useful radiographic study. Laparotomy with tissue biopsy for smear and culture is the most sensitive and specific diagnostic procedure in suspicious patients.
A trend in earlier diagnosis was noted in recent years and is felt to be the result of an elevated index of suspicion. Abdominal tuberculosis (AT) can mimic many abdominal disorders but is medically cured if diagnosed in a timely fashion.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Amaç: Hastanemizde cerrahi yoldan tedavi edilen humerus cisim kýrýklý bir grup hastadaki eþlik eden radial sinir felçlerinin iyileþme oranlarýný ve ortalama iyileþme zamanlarýný bulmak. Bu tip radial felçli hastalarýn takibine ýþýk tutmak.
Materyal ve Metod: Cerrahi yöntemlerle tedavi edilmiþ 31 komplike humerus cisim kýrýklý hastadaki 14 radial sinir felci retrospektif olarak de¤erlendirildi. Toplam radial felç oraný % 45.2 idi. Radial sinir felçlerinin 12’si preoperatif (% 38.7), kalan ikisi ise postoperatifti (% 6.5). Preoperatif dönemde felci olan hastalarýn tümüne cerrahi kýrýk tespitinin yanýnda sinir eksplorasyonu yapýldý. Ateþli silah yaralanmasý olan bir hasta dýþýndaki di¤er 11 hastada sinir intakt idi. Ateþli silah yarasý olana ilaveten birincil sinir tamiri yapýldý.
Bulgular: Siniri intakt olan 11 olgu ile postoperatif radial felçlerden biri 1.5-13 ayda klinik ve elektromiyografik olarak düzeldi. Ortalama iyileþme zamaný 7,5 aydý. Eksplorasyon sonrasý uygun medikal tedavi ve atel destekleri ile ortalama iyileþme oraný 12/14 (% 85.7) idi. Preoperatif ve postoperatif olgulardan birer tanesi iyileþmedi. Onlara tendon transferi yapýlarak el fonksiyonlarý restore edildi.

Goal: To determine healing rate of the radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fracture treated surgically at a group of patients and to find the mean neurological healing time. To give off light the nerve healing process.
Material and method: The radial palsies at 31 patients with humeral shaft fractures treated by some surgical fixations were evaluated retrospectively. The number of total radial nerve paralysis was 14 (% 45.2). Preoperative radial nerve paralyses were in 12 of the cases (% 38.7), while postoperative paralyses were two (% 6.5). All of the patients were performed surgical fixation and early radial nerve exploration. It was not required to repair the nerve for any patients with intact radial palsy. But for one transected radial nerve on the patient with gunshot injury was performed primary nerve repair.
Results: 11 of the preoperative radial nerve paralyses and one postoperative case were healed spontaneously during 1.5-13 month (as clinical and electromiographical). The mean healing time was 7.5 months. After exploration, the nerve healing rate with additional suitable conservative treatment was 85.7 percent. One preoperative and one postoperative radial palsy were not healed. These patients were required to undergo some
additional operations for tendon transfer. The final hand functions were enough.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Koroner bypass operasyonu uygulanacak hastalardaki mevcut miyokardiyal stunning'in preoperatif deðerlendirmesi cerrahi stratejiyi belirlemede önemli bir faktördür. Ýskemi sonrasý reperfüzyonda ortaya çýkan miyokardiyal fizyopatolojik deðiþiklikleri de göz önüne alýrsak, miyokardiyal korumanýn önemi daha belirgin hale gelmektedir. Bu çalýþmamýzda, reperfüzyon döneminde miyokartta ortaya çýkan patolojik deðiþikliklere EGb 761 ekstraktýnýn etkisini araþtýrdýk.
Bu çalýþma, randomize, çift kör, plasebo kontrollü olarak, elektif koroner bypass operasyonu uygulanacak, sol ventrikül fonksiyonlarý bozulmamýþ 18 hasta ile gerçekleþtirildi. Hastalarýn 9'una operasyon öncesi 5 gün, operasyon sonrasý 2 gün süre ile 3x80 mg EGb 761 ekstraktý oral verildi. Guruplar arasýndaki operasyon öncesi, operasyon ve operasyon sonrasý; hemodinamik ve biyokimyasal farklýlýklar istatistiksel olarak deðerlendirildi.
Gruplar arasýnda ortalama yaþ, vücut yüzey alanlarý, ejeksiyon fraksiyonlarý, fonksiyonel kapasiteleri, kros klemp zamanlarý, CPB zamanlarý ve anastomoz sayýsý arasýnda anlamlý bir fark yoktu. Grup A' da üç hastada aritmi, bir hastada medikal destek ve bir hastada solunum yetersizliði geliþmesine raðmen, EGB 761 verilen grup B'de herhangi bir problemle karþýlaþýlmadý.
Sonuç olarak, koroner bypass cerrahisi uygulanan hastalarýn bir kýsmýnda semptomatik ya da asemptomatik miyokardiyal stunning mevcuttur. Bu nedenle, günümüzde rutin olarak kullanýlan miyokardiyal koruma yöntemleri ile birlikte EGB 761 ekstraktýnýn kullanýmýnýn miyokardýn korunmasýnda yardýmcý olabileceði düþüncesindeyiz.

Preoperative evaluation of the present myocardial stunning in coronary by pass planned patients is an important factor for determination of the surgical strategy. If with an eye to the myocardial pathophylogic differences which occurred after ischemia reperfusion too, the importance of the myocardial damaged coming much definitive. In this study we researched the effect of the EGB 761 extract on myocardial pathologic changes which occurred reperfusion period.
This study verified with, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, elective coronary by pass operation planned, left ventricular functions normal 18 patients. 3x80 mgr EGB 761 extract applied per orally 9 of the patients 5 days before and 2 days after operation. Before, on time and after operation hemodynamic and biochemical differences between groups were evaluation statistically.
There were not meaningful differences between groups' mean age, body surface areas, ejection fractions, functional capacities, cross clamp times, CPB times and anastomosis counts. In spite of three patients arrhythmic, one patient needed medical support and respiratory insufficiency developed in one patient in group A, there were not any problem in applied EGB761 group B.
As result, symptomatic or asymptomatic myocardial stunning is present in a part of the coronary by pass applied patients. For this reason we are thinking that the use of the EGB761 extract with routinely using myocardial protection methods may be helper for myocardial protection.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Ateroskleroz, inflamatuvar bir hastalýktýr. Akut miyokard infarktüsünde oluþan inflamatuvar yanýtta, kompleman sisteminin önemli rolü, birçok çalýþmayla ispatlanmýþtýr. Ayrýca, kompleman aktivasyonunun infarkt alaný ve prognozla ile iliþkisi de açýkça saptanmýþtýr.
Çalýþmamýzda; ST elevasyonlu miyokard infarktüsü (STMÝ)'nde zirve kreatin-fosfokinaz MB (CK-MB) düzeyi ile kompleman aktivasyonunun iliþkisi araþtýrýldý. Hem C3 ve zirve CKMB düzeyi hem de C4 ve zirve CK-MB düzeyi arasýnda istatistiksel olarak ileri derecede anlamlý iliþki saptandý. Bu bilgi, kompleman aktivasyonuyla infarkt alanýnýn iliþkili olduðunu
göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, akut miyokard infarktüsündeki kompleman aktivasyonunun, infarkt alanýnýn büyüklüðünü göstermede ve doðrudan tedavi hedeflerini araþtýrmada, CKMB düzeyi gibi yararlý bir yöntem olabileceði sonucuna varýldý.

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. The important role of complement system in the inflammatory response at acute myocardial infarction, is proved with a lot of studies.
Complement activation's correlation with the infarct area and prognosis is clearly appointed.
In our study, complement activation's relation with the peak CKMB level was investigated at STMI. Very significantly correlation between both C3 and peak CKMB, and C4 and peak
CKMB, was found. This data shows that complement activation is related with infarct size. Because of this, It was concluded that to eveluate complement activation in acute myocardial
infarction can be useful like CK-MB to detect infarct size and to direct therapeutic targets.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Uyku örüntüsü yaþlanma ile birlikte deðiþikliðe uðramaktadýr. Yaþlýlýkta yaygýn olarak görülen uyku sorunlarýnýn nedenlerinden birisi katarakttýr. Katarakt nedeni ile görmedeki
azalmasýnýn uyku deðiþikliklerine neden olduðu, bu durumun da bireyin uyku kalitesini ve yaþam kalitesini olumsuz etkilediði belirtilmektedir.
Bu çalýþmada, katarakt tanýsý ile hastanede yatan hastalarýn ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyattan bir ay sonraki uyku özellikleri deðerlendirildi. Çalýþma, 1 Mart-31 Mayýs 2004 tarihleri arasýnda, Sivas Sultan I. ‹zzettin Keykavus Devlet Hastanesi göz servisinde katarakt ameliyatý olan, çalýþmaya katýlmayý kabul eden 106 yetiþkin birey ile yapýldý. Araþtýrma verileri soru formu ve Pittsburg Uyku Kalitesi Ölçeði (PUKÖ) ile toplandý.
Çalýþmaya katýlan bireylerin yaþ ortalamalarýnýn 68.55±8.32 olduðu, hastalarýn % 67.9'unun 66 yaþ ve üzeri yaþ grubunda, % 57.5'inin erkek, % 69.8'inin evli, % 42.5'inin okuma-yazma bilmediði, % 38.7'sinin ev hanýmý, % 57.5'inin çekirdek ailede yaþadýðý, % 84.0'ünün en az bir kronik hastalýk olduðu, %88.7'sinin uyku sorunu yaþadýðý belirlendi.
Çalýþmada ameliyat sonrasý hastalarýn uyku kalitesinin arttýðý ve iyi düzeyde olduðu, ancak kadýn ve kronik hastalýðý olan hastalarýn uyku kalitelerinin kötü düzeyde devam ettiði saptandý.

Sleep patterns undergo changes with "normal" aging. The prevalence of sleeplessness increases with age. A condition with a high prevalence of sleep disorder is cataracts. Because of the decrease in transparency of the lens with cataracts, less light falls on the retina. For this reason complaints about sleep are commonly seen in individuals with decreased vision.
The aim of this study is to determine the sleep characteristics of individuals in the hospital with the diagnosis of cataracts before and one month after surgery. This research was conducted as a descriptive study on the ophthalmology floor at Sivas 1st Sultan Izettin Keykavus Public Hospital between 1 March and 31 May 2004 with 106 patients who were scheduled for cataract surgery and met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study for the purpose of determining their sleep characteristics. Research data were collected using a sociodemographic information form and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Scale (PSQS). Percentage distribution, t test, Kruskall Wallis Variance Analysis and Mann Whitney U test were used for data analysis.
Of the patients who participated in the study 57.5 % were male, 69.8 % were married, 42.5 % were illiterate, 38.7 % were housewives, 57.5 % lived in nuclear families, 84.0 % had at least one chronic illness, and 88.7% had a problem with sleep. There was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and one month postoperative sleep characteristics of the individuals (p<0.05), and it was determined that the individuals' sleep quality was better after cataract surgery.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Çocuk yaþ grubunda tüberküloz (TB)’un aðýr formlarý daha sýk görülebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, çocuklarda TB'dan korunma ve erken tanýya yönelik faaliyetler önemlidir. Verem Savaþ Dairesi II. Grup Baþkanlýðý tarafýndan Diyarbakýr il merkezinde 3, merkeze baðlý köylerde 4 olmak üzere toplam 7 ilköðretim okulunda 2005 yýlý kasým ayýnda ilkokul birinci sýnýf öðrencilerine TB taramasý yapýldý.
Çalýþmaya þehir merkezinden 681, köylerden 500 olmak üzere 1181 çocuk alýndý. Þehir merkezindeki çocuklarýn 334'ü (% 49.1) erkek, 347'si (% 50.9) kýz idi ve yaþ ortalamalarý
6.99±0.97 (6-13), köy okullarýndaki çocuklarýn 277'i (% 55.4) erkek, 223'ü (% 44.6) kýz idi ve yaþ ortalamalarý 7.94±1.65 (5-13) olarak saptandý. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) aþý skarý olmayanlarýn sayýsý þehir merkezinde 360 (% 52.9), köylerde 121 (% 24.2) olarak saptandý.
BCG yapýlmayan grubun ortalama tüberkülin cilt testi (TCT) çapý 1.35±1.8 mm, tek skarlý grupta ortalama çap 3.5±4.15 mm ve iki skarlý grupta ortalama çap 10.33±2.96 mm olarak saptandý.
Þehirdeki tüm çocuklarda ortalama TCT çapý 2.6±3.5 mm, köylerdeki tüm çocuklarda ortalama TCT 2.8±3.7 mm olarak saptandý. fiehir ve köy arasýnda BCG skarý olmayan grupta, çift skarý olan grupta ve tüm çocuklardaki ortalama TCT çaplarý farký istatistiksel olarak anlamlý bulunmazken (p>0.05), tek skarý olan grupta aradaki fark anlamlý saptandý (p<0.05). Tüm çocuklar arasýnda toplam 14 adet TCT pozitif sonuç (12'si BCG skarý olmayanlarda, 2'si tek skarý olan grupta) saptandý.
Çalýþmamýzda, ilginç olarak þehir merkezinde aþýlanma oranýnýn belirgin derecede düþük olduðu saptandý. TCT çaplarý arasýnda tek skar olan grup dýþýnda þehir ve köy arasýndaki
fark anlamlý saptanmadý. BCG skar sayýsý arttýkça ortalama TCT çapý anlamlý olarak artýðý saptandýðýndan tüm merkezlerde daha yüksek aþýlama oranýný için çalýþýlmalarýn artýrýlmasýnýn gerektiði düþünüldü.

Severity forms of tuberculosis (TB) can be seen more frequent in chilhood. Therefore, preventive cases are important at children. Tuberculosis screening was made by The TB Control Eleventh Group Presidency on the primary school students at total seven schools in Diyarbak›r (three school located at centrum and four schools locate at villages), at November, 2005.
Total 1181 children containing 681 from centrum and 500 from villageswere taken tis study. In the centrum children. 334 (49.1 %) were female and 347 (50.9 %) children were male and the mean age 6.99±0.97 (6-13) years. In the villages children, 277 (55.4 %) were female and 223'ü (44.6 %) children were male and the mean age 7.94±1.65 (5-13) years.
It was found that the numbers of children that not made Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine were 360 (52.9 %) and 121 (24.2 %) at centrum and villages, respectively. The tuberculin skin test (TST) mean diameters were 1.35±1.8 mm, 3.5±4.15 mm and 10.33±2.96 mm at no BCG children, one BCG scar group and two BCG scar group, respectively.
It was found that the TST mean diameter were 2.6±3.5 mm 2.8±3.7 mm and at children in centrum and villages, respectively. The diameter difference between centrum and villages was not found to be meaningful statistically in the no BCG group, two BCG scar group and all children (p>0.05). The diameter difference between centrum and villages was found to be meaningful statistically in the one BCG scar group (p<0.05). It was found that total 14 TST containing 12 no BCG group and 2 one BCG scar group were positive in all children.
It was determinated that the vaccine rate was fairly low interestingly in the centrum. Increasingthe BCG vaccine number increased meaningfully the TST mean diameter. The vaccine rate must be increased because of it was found that increasing the BCG vaccine number increased meaningfully the TST mean diameter.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Rokuronyum uyanýk hastada uygulandýðýnda yüksek oranda orta veya þiddetli aðrý yapan non-depolarizan bir nöromüsküler blokerdir. Çalýþmamýzda, elektif cerrahi planlanan hastalarda topikal lokal anestezik karýþýmý olan EMLA krem ile, vazodilatatör etkili transdermal nitrogliserinin (TNG) aðrýyý önleyici etkisini plasebo ile karþýlaþtýrmayý amaçladýk. 18-75 yaþ, ASA I-III 45 hasta rasgele 3 gruba ayrýldý. Genel anestezi
indüksiyonundan 1 saat önce Grup I’de 50 mg TNG (24 saatte 10 mg nitrogliserin salýnýmlý), Grup II’de 1 gr EMLA krem, Grup III’de 1 gr dekspantenol krem (plasebo) uygulandý. Venöz kanülasyon (VK) ve priming doz rokuronyum (PDR) sýrasýndaki aðrý ve yanma ile rokuronyumun entübasyon dozu (RED)’ndan sonraki el hareketleri deðerlendirildi. VK ve PDR sonrasý aðrý ve yanmanýn Grup II’de Grup I ve Grup III’e göre anlamlý olarak az olduðu görüldü. RED’dan sonra gruplar arasýnda fark görülmedi. VK ve PDR’dan önce EMLA krem kullanýmýnýn uygun olduðu, TNG’nin ise iyi bir
seçenek olmadýðý sonucuna varýldý.

Rocuronium is a non-depolarizan neuromuscular blocker which gives middle or strong pain in high rate when it used before induction to awake patients. In our study, our aim was
to compare the effects of EMLA cream which is a mixture of topical local anesthetic with transdermal nitroglycerin (TNG) that has vasodilatation effect and with placebo on the patients who are planned for elective surgery. 18-75 year-old, fortyfive ASA grade I-III patients were randomly selected in 3 groups. One hour before the general anesthesia induction, in Group I 50 mg. TNG (10 mg. TNG/24 hours release patchs), in Group II, 1 gr EMLA cream and in Group III, 1 gr dexpanthenol cream were used. We eveluated the pain and sensetion during the intravenously canulation and priming dose of rocuronium and also we evaluated the hand movements after the intubation dose of rocuronium. There wasn't much difference after intubation dose of rocuronium between groups. In Group II, we showed that the pain and sensation after intravenously canulation and priming dose of rocuronium were significantly lower than in Group I and III. Our results indicate
that using EMLA cream before priming dose of rocuronium is suitable but TNG isn't a good choice.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae is one of the pathogens that have been linked to atherosclerosis. Serological studies found association between specific
IgA, IgG, IgM,circulating chlamydial immuncomplexes and atherosclerosis. Studies using with techniques such as immunocytochemistry, the polimerase chain reaction, and culture
showed that Chlamydia pneumoniae more common in atherosclerotic vessels rather than in normal vessels. The trials where patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction
were given macrolide antibiotics reported beneficial effects in terms of reduction of further coronary events. Although the pathogenic mecanisms linking C. pneumoniae infection to atherosclerotic disorders have still not been fully explained, different mecanisms have been suggested: 1- The studies demonstrated that TNF, IL-1, and endotoxin increased by an infection can induce a state of insulin resistance. 2-The proatherogenic effects of Lp(a) may be enhanced and/or partly mediated through the formation of circulating immune complexes containing C. pneumoniae-specific IgG antibodies. 3- The immune response to bacterial infectionm generally may interact with chlamydial or human heat shock proteins in vessel walls, so exacerbating atherosclerosis. Our hypothesis is that infection plays a role in only a subset of patients with coronary artery disease. Cronic C. pneumoniae infection might aggravate the atherogenesis.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

The electricity injury is the one of the major trauma causing mortality, and morbidity. We report 3 cases, admitted our emergiency department with electric injury caused by naked
electric cable touching. All cases had compartment syndrome and undergone fasiotomy operations. They were transported to advanced intensive care units of burning. In this study, we would like to report that without any precaution and information, emergency depatment personals would be faced with interesting electric injuries that effect more than one people cases which havent been reported in medical literatures.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

In this report, we presented a case with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL). A 34-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of upper abdominal pain. The patient have plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels that are below half of normal and elevated plasma transaminase levels. Liver biopsy revealed steatohepatitis. In conclusion, FHBL should always be kept in mind for the etiology of fatty liver in patients with low total and LDL cholesterol
levels

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Behçet's disease, originally described in 1937 as a chronic relapsing triad of recurring iritis, aphthous oral ulceration, genital ulceration and a uveitis leadig to blindness. It's now recognized to involve additional organ systems, including the skin, central nervous system, heart, any part of the vasculature, lungs, and joints. In this report, we aimed to present a 33
year old male patient undergoing general anesthesia with Behçet's disease and emphasize important issues about the anaesthetic management of these patients. With appropriate
measures during anesthesia, there was no complications during peroperative and postoperative period.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

We report a case of severe hypertriglyceridemia associated with hyperviscosity syndrome in an adult patient with acute pyelonephritis. A 38-year-old-female patient presented with
headache, weakness, fever, and chest discomfort. In the case the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis suggested by fever, tenderness in left costovertebral angles on the palpation, leukocytosis, and bacteria detectable in Gram-stained unspun urine. On hospital admissions routine laboratory examinations showed a severe hyperlipidemia with serum triglyceride levels of 6910 mg/dl. A antibiotic therapy with quinolone was initiated and resulted in a prompt decrease in the serum lipid levels. In conclusion our case report suggest that during infection plasma triglyceride levelsi increase and hyperviscosity syndrome may ocur in the patient with hypertriglyceridemia type IV.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

Oxcarbazepine, which is believed to be better than carbamezepine in pharmacokinetic features and efficacy, is a new antiepileptic drug used for partial and generalized tonic-clonic
seizure treatment. We have detected a case with hyponatremia related with oxcarbazepine usage. We beleive that for patients on treatment of oxcarbazepine because of this probable adverse effect, monitorisation for hyponatremia must be considered.

Abstract | Full Text PDF

The inpatients in general hospitals have very frequent mental disorders. Long-term stays in the hospitals increase this risk as well as making negative effects on the ongoing treatments
of the said inpatients. In lots of studies, it has been emphasized that the physicians should be careful for the psychiatric disorders that affect the treatment process of the inpatients as
well as the period of stay in the hospital. This study is a case report. Psychodynamic formulation has been made evaluating the psychiatric disease history, psychodyamic and psychosocial history and psychological test.

Abstract | Full Text PDF